DIN EN IEC 55014-1

Purpose: Regulation of electromagnetic emissions from household appliances, power tools and similar electrical appliances to ensure EMC (electromagnetic compatibility).

Area of application:

• Appliances with rated current ≤16 A per phase connected to low-voltage networks (≤250 V, 50/60 Hz). Examples: Washing machines, drills, kitchen appliances.

• Frequency ranges: 9 kHz - 30 MHz (conducted interference). 30 MHz - 6 GHz (radiated interference). Limits: Specific limits for interference voltage (dBµV) and interference field strength (dBµV/m) depending on the frequency band.

• Tests: Continuous interference (e.g. motor operation). Discontinuous interference (e.g. switching operations). Click analysis (click noise) for switching noises.

Content, area of application and tests:

Contents:

EN IEC 55014-1 (CISPR 14-1) specifies requirements for electromagnetic emissions from equipment to prevent interference with other equipment or networks. It includes:

• Limits for interference: Conducted interference: Measured at mains connections (L, N, PE) in the range 9 kHz-30 MHz. Radiated interference: Measured in free field or in anechoic chambers for 30 MHz-6 GHz. Click interference: Maximum number of permissible switching noises per time unit.

• Exceptions: Devices with exclusively battery-powered operation (without mains connection). Professional industrial systems (these are subject to other standards).

Area of application:

• Household appliances (e.g. refrigerators, vacuum cleaners). Power tools (e.g. drills, saws).

• Similar appliances with intermittent load (e.g. heaters).

• Not covered: Devices with integrated radio modules (e.g. WLAN, Bluetooth) - these fall under EN 301 489. Medical devices (regulated by EN 60601-1-2).

Tests:

1. Ttest conditions: Environment: EMC laboratories with defined shielding and reference impedances. Operating conditions: Devices are tested in worst-case operation (e.g. maximum load, frequent switching cycles).

2. Measurement methods: conducted interference: Use of LISN (Line Impedance Stabilization Network) to measure the interference voltage. Radiated interference: Antenna measurement at a distance of 3 m or 10 m. Click analysis: Evaluation of switching noise with special detectors in accordance with CISPR 14-1.

3. Evaluation: Continuous interference: Comparison of the measured peak values with the limit value tables (e.g. ≤66 dBµV at 150 kHz). Discontinuous interference: Statistical evaluation of interference events over 24 hours.

4. Documentation: test reports must contain all measurement curves, operating parameters and limit value violations. In the event of non-conformity, design modifications (e.g. filter installation, shielding) are required.

Alternative standards:

1. EN 55014-2: Immunity requirements for household appliances against external disturbances.

2. EN 61000-6-3: Generic emission limits for appliances in residential/commercial environments.

3. EN 55011: Industrial, scientific and medical equipment (ISM).

4. EN 61000-3-2: Limitation of harmonic currents in mains connections.

5. CISPR 32: EMC requirements for multimedia equipment.